Phụ lục E

E. Company and actor directory

A guided tour of the 97 companies and organisations in companies.csv, grouped by what they do, with location, scale signal, status and sources, followed by a dated timeline of Vietnamese alternative protein from 2015 to September 2026.

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Nội dung trang này bằng tiếng Anh. Đọc bản tóm tắt tiếng Việt

Trong trang này

E.1 Overview
E.2 Incumbent soy and dairy
E.3 Industrial chay makers
E.4 Modern plant-based brands made in Vietnam
E.5 Imported brands and their channels
E.6 Mushroom, mycelium and tempeh
E.7 Microalgae and duckweed
E.8 Fermentation and feed single-cell protein
E.9 Insect protein (benchmark)
E.10 Cultivated meat and seafood links
E.11 Feed majors as buyers
E.12 Ingredient suppliers and distributors
E.13 Support ecosystem
E.14 Timeline of key events, 2015 to September 2026
Gaps and how to close them
Related data files

This appendix is a narrative guide to companies.csv (97 rows; one added in edition 1.1). It groups the actors by what they contribute to supply: making non-animal protein foods, making or importing protein ingredients, buying protein for feed, financing, and supporting the field. Each group has a compact table. The appendix ends with a dated timeline built from timeline.csv and wave 2 verification.

How to read the tables:

Location is the current (post-1 July 2025) province, with the former unit in brackets where it changed. See P. Admin map.
Scale signal is the best published indicator we found. "Claimed" means a company or press statement not checked against a filing. "Design capacity" is what a plant was built for, not what it makes.
Status gives the last evidence of activity and the date of our last check. "Wave 1" rows were checked on 23 September 2026 by the ecosystem research; "wave 2" rows were re-checked the same day by a separate verification pass, which used direct page reads only. Many company sites failed to load in wave 2, so many rows carry only wave 1 evidence.
Sources resolve in sources.csv. Where wave 2 changed a wave 1 value, the change is recorded in the change_log column of companies.csv and flagged below as a correction.

E.1 Overview

Vietnam's real non-animal protein economy is incumbent, not startup. Soy milk (Vinasoy and the dairy majors) and industrial đồ chay (traditional vegetarian food made by meat and frozen-food processors and by specialist SMEs) are the scale players ^1,2 .
Modern plant-based startups are few and very small, and we found no disclosed institutional equity round for any Vietnamese plant-based food startup ^3,4 .
The largest alternative-protein production asset is insect meal (Entobel, about 11,000 t a year design capacity) ^5,6 . We treat insects as a benchmark, not a recommended play.
Chinese fermentation by-product protein is already sold into Vietnamese feed by a local distributor ⁷ .
There is no cultivated meat or seafood company or facility in Vietnam. The only links are Vietnamese corporate stakes abroad and one dormant memorandum ^8,9 .
GFI's global company database lists 2 Vietnamese companies, both plant-based, founded in 2019 and 2023, and no Vietnamese research actors ¹⁰ .

Rows by category in companies.csv: plant-based meat 18, traditional chay industrial 18, other (buyers, investors, support) 15, plant-based dairy 10, distributor 9, feed SCP or yeast 6, microalgae 5, cultivated 4, ingredient supplier 3, fermentation biomass 2, duckweed 2, insect (benchmark) 2, mushroom or mycelium 1, plant-based seafood 1 (our count of companies.csv). The groups below regroup these rows by supply role and add actors found in the retail audit (D. Retail formulation audit).

E.2 Incumbent soy and dairy

Name	Location	What they do	Scale signal	Status, last verified	Sources
Vinasoy (Vietnam Soymilk Company, unit of Quang Ngai Sugar JSC, QNS)	Quang Ngai; plants in Bac Ninh (Tien Son Industrial Park) and Ho Chi Minh City (VSIP 2A, former Binh Duong)	Fami and Vinasoy soy milks; Veyo nut milks	Soy-milk revenue above VND 4,100 bn in 2024 (about USD 158 million at VND 26,000 per USD, our calculation), about 80% of soy milk, gross margin above 39%; 390 million L a year in three plants (2022)	Active. 2025 capacity not found in wave 2	^{1,11,12,13,14,15}
Vinamilk (plant-based lines)	Ho Chi Minh City	Nut, oat and soy milks (some blended with fresh milk), pea-protein "high-protein" milk, plant yoghurt, plant creamer	17 SKU rows in the retail audit; nut milk reported "double-digit growth" in Q1 2026 (no figure)	Active (wave 1)	^16,17,18
TH Group (TH true NUT)	Nghe An	Walnut, macadamia, almond and oat milks with dates; walnut variant contains fresh cow milk	Launched 17 March 2018; walnut variant 1 g protein per 100 ml	Active (wave 1); a hybrid, not fully plant-based	^19,2
Nutifood (plant milks)	Ho Chi Minh City	Brown rice and corn milks	On shelf at VND 24,800 (6 Sep 2026)	Field observation only	²
ToFu House	Hung Yen (Van Giang)	Industrial tofu; pilot domestic soybean fields	150 to 500 t of tofu a month (2023); ISO 22000	Active as of 2023	^20,21
My Hoa tofu-skin craft village	Vinh Long (former Binh Minh town, former Vinh Long province)	Tàu hũ ky (tofu skin) from mainly imported soybeans	27 households, over 200 workers, about 7 t a day	National intangible heritage (2022)	²²
Tofu brands on shelf (Song Long, Pulmuone, Tafu, Ichiban)	not verified	Fresh tofu	One or two SKU rows each	On shelf September 2026	¹⁸

Readings. Vinasoy is the largest non-animal protein food business in Vietnam by revenue, and it runs on imported soybeans ¹ . The soy-milk share figures are company or press-reported, not audited: 82.7% (December 2014) and about 80% (2024) ^11,1 . TH true NUT and several Vinamilk products blend plant and dairy, which blurs the boundary of "plant-based" ^19,16 .

E.3 Industrial chay makers

These firms make đồ chay at industrial scale. Label evidence splits their products into two types: vegetable-filler chay (dumplings, spring rolls: mostly jicama, taro, mung bean and mushroom, with little protein) and protein-analogue chay (mock meats, canned slices: soy protein, TVP, tofu skin and wheat gluten) ^23,18 . No manufacturer publishes chay tonnage ^24,25 .

Name	Location	What they do	Scale signal	Status, last verified	Sources
VISSAN (Vietnam Livestock Technology JSC)	Ho Chi Minh City (420 No Trang Long, former Binh Thanh district)	Meat processor with 8 chay SKUs, including chay dumplings and wontons launched 27 August 2026; canned chay slices	Whole-company 2026 target of 20,350 t processed food (all lines); about 100 t of livestock and poultry a day; market capitalisation VND 1,092 bn (23 Sep 2026)	Active (wave 2). SATRA 67.8% (August 2020 data), Masan MEATLife 24.9% (December 2021); UPCoM VSN since October 2016	^26,27,28,29
CJ Foods Vietnam (Cau Tre, bibigo)	Ho Chi Minh City head office; plants reported in Ho Chi Minh City (former Ba Ria-Vung Tau) and Tay Ninh (former Long An)	Chay spring rolls, dumplings, bibigo Healthy Mandu chay	20 of 186 SKU rows in the audit; volumes not disclosed	Active. Business unit of CJ CheilJedang (South Korea); CJ in Vietnam since 1999. Cau Tre acquisition year and plant list not verified in wave 2	^30,31,32,18
SG Food (Saigon Food JSC)	Ho Chi Minh City (Vinh Loc Industrial Park, former Binh Chanh district)	Frozen ready meals and seafood; chay fried rice, chay hotpot kit	About 2,000 staff (unverified); exports to Japan	Active (wave 1)	^33,34
Au Lac (Au Lac Vegan Food Trade and Manufacture Co., Ltd)	Ho Chi Minh City (735-737 Nguyen Kiem, former Go Vap; a site at Thoi An ward, former District 12, is also recorded)	Seven chay categories: spices, instant, sterilised, canned, frozen, dry, beverages	Exports claimed to USA, Canada, Australia, Germany, UK; Halal, ISO 9001 and 22000, FSSC 22000, HACCP claimed; one audited SKU at 25.1 g protein per 100 g	Active (wave 1)	^35,36,18
Thoai An Trading Co., Ltd	Ho Chi Minh City (Tan Tao Industrial Park, former Binh Tan district)	Tofu-skin rolls, chay sausages, chay seafood (shrimp cake, "seafood tofu")	Founded 2005; HACCP; nationwide distribution claimed	Active (wave 1)	^37,38
An Nhien Foods (Pham Gia Phat Trading and Import-Export Co., Ltd)	Ho Chi Minh City (Hiep Thanh ward, former District 12)	Soy and barley TVP chay meats, dried slices, frozen meals	12 SKU rows, the broadest modern-chay range in the audit; brand from late 2014; Halal; exports claimed to Korea, Europe, North America	Active (wave 2). Registered as a trader; no factory or capacity disclosed	^39,40,18
GN Foods JSC	Tay Ninh (former Long An): Long Hau Extended Industrial Park, Can Giuoc commune	Frozen Vietnamese foods; co-packer of a Co.op Select chay line	Founded 2009; 2,000 staff; factory 20,415 m2, processing plant 35,107 m2; BRCGS, ISO 22000, HACCP, Halal, BAP	Active (wave 1)	^41,18
Cholimex Food JSC	Ho Chi Minh City (Vinh Loc Industrial Park, former Binh Chanh district)	Sauces and seasonings including chay kits; frozen spring rolls, dumplings and buns with TVP	Chay bun label 5.74 g protein per 100 g	Active (wave 1)	^42,43
LC Foods JSC	Ho Chi Minh City (Rach Bap Industrial Park, Tay Nam ward, former Binh Duong)	Chay spring rolls using TVP granules 4-7 mm	Tax code 3702777811	Found in the retail audit; registry look-up failed in wave 2	^44,39
Agrex Saigon Foodstuffs JSC (Top V, AS Food)	Ho Chi Minh City (former District 7)	Export dumplings and dim sum, including one chay shiitake dumpling	Volumes not disclosed	Active (wave 1)	⁴⁵
Thanh Dung (Thuc pham chay Thanh Dung)	Ho Chi Minh City (Thuan An, former Binh Duong)	Chay maker listing TVP among products; raw materials imported from USA, Australia and Canada	Tax code 3702548219; founded 2009	Company site only; whether it extrudes or repacks TVP is unknown	⁴⁶
Xuan Hong (dried chay slices brand)	not identified	Dried soy and gluten slices	One SKU at 65.2 g protein per 100 g dry	Owner and plant unknown; brand site unreachable	¹⁸
Directory-only SMEs: Vegan 24H, Happy Farm, Vuong Ngoc Vegan	Hanoi; Ho Chi Minh City; Tay Ninh	Mock meats, tofu products, dried chay foods	Directory listings only	Not verified	⁴⁷
Other chay brands on shelf: P.G.P, Vifon (chay noodles), Saky Foods, MANI, Hue One Food, Song Huong Foods	various	Chay cakes, noodles, pastries, buns, canned food	One or two SKU rows each	Owners mostly not verified; P.G.P may be Pham Gia Phat (unconfirmed)	^18,2

Readings:

Meat processors are the scale chay makers. VISSAN, CJ Foods Vietnam, Cholimex and SG Food make chay on the same frozen-food lines as meat ^25,18 . They are the most plausible co-packers for new plant-based products, with GN Foods for retailer private labels.
The protein-dense specialists are small and in Ho Chi Minh City (An Nhien, Au Lac, Thoai An, the Xuan Hong brand) ¹⁸ . They are the natural first customers for a domestic TVP or gluten substitute (D. Retail formulation audit, section D.13).
Many small makers exist beyond the brands seen. A 2022 to 2023 survey counted 126 vegetarian food production, processing and trading establishments in Hanoi alone ⁴⁹ .

E.4 Modern plant-based brands made in Vietnam

Name	Location	What they do	Scale signal	Status, last verified	Sources
Cay De Food Company (VMEAT)	Ho Chi Minh City (assumed)	Plant-based burger patties, mince, chả lụa, ham	VND 3 bn invested 2018 to 2022; retail VND 164,000 to 445,000 per kg (2022)	No evidence after 2022	^50,51
Bien Phuong	not known	Plant-based seafood	Entered mid-2020	No evidence after 2022	^50,51
NutriGreen Food JSC	Ho Chi Minh City (former District 10)	Plant-based meat substitutes (soy, rice, coconut)	No scale data	Website did not resolve on 23 Sep 2026	²⁴
Vinamit JSC (jackfruit "vegan meat")	Ho Chi Minh City (not verified)	Young-jackfruit meat for export; low-protein texturiser	No volume found	Corporate active; jackfruit line status unknown	^50,52
Is It Meat?	Ho Chi Minh City	Nuggets, sausages, schnitzels for restaurants	Foodservice only (2022)	Unknown; single blog source	⁵³
Yukino Foods	Ho Chi Minh City (Thao Dien)	Gyoza, falafel, burgers	One shop plus online (2022)	Unknown; claims unverified	⁵³
Kashew Cheese	Ho Chi Minh City	Fermented cashew cheeses, yoghurt, milk	Founded 2020; several deli cafes; national delivery; 3 SKU rows in the audit	Active (wave 1)	^54,55,18
Deep Blue Island	not verified	Cultured cashew and coconut products	5 SKU rows in Ho Chi Minh City premium stores	Brand domain redirects to an unrelated site; owner not verified	¹⁸
Two unnamed firms in the GFI database	not known	One plant-based dairy (cheese), one meat or seafood plus ingredients	Founded 2019 and 2023	Names not rendered; neither founding year matches Emmay or Kashew	¹⁰

No Vietnamese plant-based egg product was found ⁵³ . The only plant-protein fundraising found is Emmay's (section E.6). Press estimates of the Vietnamese plant-based meat market ("about VND 1,000 bn" in 2022; "USD 500 million within several years" in 2024) give no traceable basis and are not used ^50,52 .

E.5 Imported brands and their channels

Imported "modern" brands entered through restaurants and gourmet shops, not mass retail. No official national distributor was found for any of them ^53,56 . Mintel's database logged no plant-based meat launches in Vietnam from 2022 to Q2 2023 ⁵⁷ .

Brands

Brand (origin)	Vietnam entry and channel	Scale or price signal	Status, last verified	Sources
Beyond Meat (USA)	August 2019 at BiaCraft (3 Ho Chi Minh City venues); later gourmet retail and e-commerce	VND 1.2 to 1.8 million per kg (2022)	Present via importers in 2022; current availability unverified	^56,51
OmniFoods (Hong Kong)	Gourmet retail by 2022; Starbucks Vietnam menu in summer 2023	Limited-time menu	Last Vietnam evidence 2023; brand site did not resolve on 23 Sep 2026	^53,58
Heura (Spain), Next Meats (Japan), CK Foods (Taiwan), Verdino (Romania)	Gourmet retailers and Classic Food Deli (2022)	Next Meats VND 52,000 per 80 g (2022)	Unknown in 2026; single blog source	⁵³
Unconventional (Italy)	Ho Chi Minh City premium stores	2 SKU rows: burger and sausage, 15 to 16 g protein, SPC and SPI	On shelf 16 Sep 2026	¹⁸
Ong Cha Va / NOSAFOOD	Co.opmart and Emart canned aisles, labelled "Plant Based"	About VND 70,000 per 200 g; about 3 to 3.3 times VISSAN's canned chay per 100 g	On shelf September 2026; origin disputed (China or Vietnam)	^2,18
137 Degrees (Simple Foods, Thailand)	Nha Trang and Ho Chi Minh City supermarkets	9 SKU rows; about VND 104,000 to 152,000 per pack	On shelf September 2026	^59,18,60
Oatside (Singapore brand, made in Bandung, Indonesia)	Launched in Ho Chi Minh City November to December 2022	3 SKU rows	Active; marketing backlash April 2026	^61,62
Oatly (Sweden), MilkLab and Alternative Dairy Co (Australia), Almond Breeze (USA), So Good	Specialty and mainstream supermarkets	1 to 4 SKU rows each	On shelf September 2026	¹⁸
Dairy-Free Down Under (Australia)	Annam Gourmet, Nam An, The Food Shop (2022)	n/a	Unknown in 2026	⁵³
INNOHAS (South Korea)	VinaCapital Ventures investment (July 2024) to enter Vietnam	Undisclosed	No Vietnam launch found; company site does not mention Vietnam (23 Sep 2026)	^63,64
Impossible Foods, Zhenmeat	No evidence of a Vietnam launch	n/a	Absence of evidence only	⁵³
Nestle Harvest Gourmet	No evidence of Vietnam sale	n/a	harvestgourmet.com redirects to a domain-for-sale page (23 Sep 2026)	⁶⁵

Channels, importers and retailer private labels

Name	Location	Role	Status, last verified	Sources
BiaCraft	Ho Chi Minh City	Craft beer bars; first to serve Beyond Burger in Vietnam (August 2019)	Unknown in 2026	⁵⁶
Starbucks Vietnam	Ho Chi Minh City	Ran OmniFoods items in summer 2023	Promotion ended (assumed)	⁵⁸
SaladStop! Vietnam	Ho Chi Minh City	Plant-based patties in a salad chain (2022)	Unknown	⁵³
Annam Gourmet; Nam An Market	Ho Chi Minh City	Gourmet importer-retailers; 11 and 26 SKU rows in the audit, most imported	Active retailers (audit, 16 Sep 2026)	^53,18
Classic Fine Foods Vietnam (Classic Food Deli)	Ho Chi Minh City	Foodservice importer; sold Next Meats (2022)	Unknown for alt protein	⁵³
Bewina	Ho Chi Minh City	Importer of plant-based sausages and mince	Unknown; sources conflict on brand origin	^50,51
Saigon Co.op (Co.op Select)	Ho Chi Minh City	Private-label chay dumplings, buns, spring rolls, gyoza-noodle meal; 12 SKU rows	On shelf September 2026	^18,66,67
Lotte Mart Vietnam (Choice L)	Ho Chi Minh City	Private-label chay spring rolls and dumplings; maker not identified	On shelf September 2026	^2,18

E.6 Mushroom, mycelium and tempeh

Name	Location	What they do	Scale signal	Status, last verified	Sources
Emmay (Emmay and Colleagues JSC; "Ruoc Nam")	Ho Chi Minh City (Hanh Thong ward, former Go Vap); warehouse in Singapore	Shiitake and mycelium-based pork floss, pâté, sandwich fillings, spring rolls, snacks; 30+ SKUs	Sales 1.5 rising to about 2 t a month (2023, company-reported); exports about 10% of revenue from Q3 2023; about USD 250,000 raised from three angel rounds plus grants by 2021 (company claim)	Active as of 2024 (last evidence); wave 2 re-check not completed	^3,68,69,4
Ong Tempeh Vietnam Trading Services Co., Ltd	Ho Chi Minh City (Phu Thuan, former District 7); Hanoi branch	Soy, chickpea and cashew tempeh; tempeh chips; Rhizopus starter cultures	Small; national delivery	Active (wave 1); wave 2 re-check not completed	⁷⁰
Vinaorganic	not known	Advertises tempeh technology transfer	unknown	Search listing only; not read	none (lead)

Emmay is the only Vietnamese startup found claiming mycelium technology; its "1,000 t in 14 days" statement is a capacity claim, not output ^3,68 . Ong Tempeh is the only commercial tempeh maker verified, and its starter sales make it a small domestic node of fungal fermentation know-how ⁷⁰ . No commercial koji, mycoprotein or precision-fermentation producer was found ⁷⁰ .

E.7 Microalgae and duckweed

Name	Location	What they do	Scale signal	Status, last verified	Sources
Spirulina Vinh Hao JSC	Lam Dong (former Binh Thuan): Vinh Hao commune, Tuy Phong	Spirulina powder and tablets, grown on Vinh Hao mineral water	Over 12,000 m2 of ponds (undated company page); nearly 17 t a year (a 2013 figure)	Active (wave 1); site chosen 1976, company 2008	⁷¹
Dai Viet Spirulina Group	Hanoi head office; farms in Lang Son and Thanh Hoa	100+ spirulina products	50,000 m2 and VND 150 bn investment (claimed)	Active (wave 1)	⁷²
VN Vastcom Biotechnology JSC	Nghe An	Spirulina functional foods and feed supplements	About 2 ha, about 5 t dry biomass a year, 50+ workers (July 2023); VAST technology transfer 2017	Active as of 2023	⁷³
Tao Viet High-Tech Agricultural Cooperative	Ninh Binh (Dong Son, Tam Diep)	Fresh spirulina	1,400 m2 (40 tanks of 10 m3) expanding to 20,000 m2 (April 2023); fresh algae above VND 1.5 million per kg (claimed)	Active as of 2023	⁷⁴
ECOFARM High-Tech Agriculture Co., Ltd (MTE Spirulina)	Ho Chi Minh City (Binh My, former Cu Chi)	Fresh spirulina	Not stated	Active (wave 1)	⁷⁵
Institute of Biotechnology, VAST	Hanoi	Public source of spirulina strains and cultivation technology	n/a	Active	^71,73
Can Tho University (duckweed feed research)	Can Tho	1990s duckweed-for-livestock research (prior lead)	Research only	Lead not verified	none (lead)
FiBL and Binca Seafoods duckweed project	not known	Duckweed for aquafeed pilot (2019, prior lead)	Outcome unpublished	Lead not verified	none (lead)

Readings. All spirulina producers found sell health food at high prices; none is a bulk protein supplier ^71,73 . One source claims more than 70% of spirulina products sold in Vietnam are imported ⁷³ . No national output total exists. No commercial duckweed, seaweed-protein or koji producer was found ⁷⁶ . Spirulina producers were not re-checked in wave 2.

E.8 Fermentation and feed single-cell protein

Name	Location	What they do	Scale signal	Status, last verified	Sources
CK Vietnam Group / V-Group Vietnam	not stated (Vietnam)	Imports and sells Chinese "Mycoprotein": bacterial biomass left over from glutamic acid (MSG) fermentation, at least 70% crude protein, for livestock, poultry, fish and shrimp feed	40 kg bags or 1 t jumbo bags; volumes not disclosed	Active listing (wave 1)	⁷
Thai Duong Feed JSC (added in edition 1.1)	not recorded	Feed maker that ran a 2016 to 2019 national project on yeast protein (more than 46% protein) from cereals and molasses to replace soybean meal	120 t of liquid product in the project; a line costing VND 167 billion	Line status unknown (September 2026)	^77,78
Tan Huu Qui	not known	Feed ingredient trader listing đạm đơn bào (single-cell protein)	unknown	Site returned an error; lead only	none (lead)
Angel Yeast Vietnam	Hanoi	Yeast, yeast extract and yeast-based feed products (imported from China)	Vietnam volumes unknown	Search listing only	none (lead)
Enzym Group (via a ShrimpVet trial)	Ukraine (imported)	Yeast feed additive	Lab trial at ShrimpVet, Ho Chi Minh City: survival 42.86% higher than control under Vibrio challenge (company-reported)	Unknown	⁷⁹
Calysta (FeedKind); Unibio (Uniprotein)	USA and UK; Denmark	Gas-fermentation single-cell protein	No Vietnamese supply, distributor or trial found; covered in Vietnamese aquaculture media 2023 to 2025 as a global trend	No Vietnam activity found	^80,81
Vedan Vietnam Enterprise Corp. (Vedan International, HKEX 2317)	Dong Nai (Phuoc Thai commune, former Long Thanh district)	MSG, glutamic acid, lysine, starch, glucose syrup; fertiliser and feed pellets	Glutamic acid nameplate 180,000 t a year (2004, last published); Vietnam revenue USD 154.3 million (2025); group "fertiliser and feed" revenue USD 27.1 million (2025)	Active (wave 2)	^82,83,84,85

Readings:

The import counterfactual for a Vietnamese single-cell protein already exists. Chinese MSG by-product biomass is on sale to Vietnamese feed mills through CK Vietnam / V-Group ⁷ . The name "mycoprotein" is a misnomer here: the product is bacterial, not fungal.
The large aerobic fermenters are captive. Vedan, Ajinomoto (Dong Nai) and Daesang (Phu Tho) run single-product lines, and none offers toll fermentation ^86,87,88 . Ajinomoto's permitted MSG capacity at Bien Hoa is 150,000 t a year (2023 environmental assessment, reported in press) ⁸⁷ . See Facilities and capacity.
Vedan's fertiliser and feed segment is an existing fermentation by-product feed business that could price-benchmark single-cell protein ⁸² . Vedan reports that cassava prices rose sharply from Q4 2025 through H1 2026 ⁸³ .

E.9 Insect protein (benchmark)

Name	Location	What they do	Scale signal	Status, last verified	Sources
Entobel (Entobel Holding Pte Ltd, Singapore; Belgian founders)	Dong Nai (1,000 t a year, since 2019; R&D centre); Ho Chi Minh City (former Ba Ria-Vung Tau), Dat Do I Industrial Park (10,000 t a year, opened 23 Nov 2023)	Black soldier fly larvae meal (H-Meal, at least 53% crude protein), oil (H-Oil), frass (H-Ferti); feedstock includes HEINEKEN Vietnam by-products	Design capacity about 11,000 t a year of meal; more than 200 staff (2026); USD 32.5 million project financing	Active (wave 2). B Corp (5 Feb 2025); no output, feedstock or Indonesia update published	^{89,5,6,90,91,92}
Cricket One	Dong Nai (former Binh Phuoc), Loc Ninh area; Ho Chi Minh City office	Cricket powders, whole crickets, oil, restructured cricket meat, frass	4 company farms and about 20 satellite farms; 1,000 t a year processing capacity (2023, claimed) with a 10,000 t target; exports to EU, North America, Japan; HACCP, FSSC 22000	Active as of October 2024 (last evidence); site timed out in wave 2	^{93,94,95,96,97}
HEINEKEN Vietnam	Ho Chi Minh City	Supplies brewery by-products to Entobel	Volumes not disclosed	Active	⁸⁹

Entobel is the benchmark incumbent for any novel feed protein. Key terms:

Protein output ceiling. At 53% crude protein, 11,000 t a year of meal is at most about 5,800 t of protein a year (our calculation: 11,000 x 0.53) ^98,6 . Actual output is not disclosed.
Offtake. Vinh Hoan agreed in February 2024 to buy at least 15,000 t of Entobel insect protein over 2025 to 2027, about 5,000 t a year or about 45% of design capacity (our calculation) ⁹⁹ .
First commercial insect-meal shrimp feed. Skretting Vietnam and Entobel announced a strategic partnership on 26 November 2025; commercial production of Skretting shrimp feed containing H-Meal began that month (company claim; no inclusion rate or volume disclosed) ¹⁰⁰ .
Financing. See the correction below and M. Capital.

Cricket One volume claims use different units (crickets per month, fresh tonnes, live tonnes) and are all company claims; we use the 1,000 t a year processing capacity (2023) as the scale anchor ⁹⁵ .

E.10 Cultivated meat and seafood links

Name	Location	Link to Vietnam	Status, last verified	Sources
Vinh Hoan Corp (Vinh Technology Pte Ltd)	Dong Thap (Cao Lanh)	Pangasius exporter. Acquired Vinh Technology, holder of a minority stake in Avant (25 January 2021); joined Shiok Meats' Series B (2021); Entobel offtake (2024)	Active (wave 2). No 2024 to 2026 alt-protein update on its investor page	^{8,103,104,105}
Avant Meats	Hong Kong	Cultivated fish; USD 3.1 million seed (December 2020); minority stake held by Vinh Hoan	Status in 2026 unknown; no Vietnam facility announced	⁸
Shiok Meats	Singapore	Series B (about USD 18 million round, Vietnamese press) with Vinh Hoan; MOU with Minh Phu (26 July 2022)	Assets absorbed by UMAMI Bioworks (stock deal, 12 March 2024)	^104,106,9
Minh Phu Seafood Corp	Ca Mau	MOU for a joint cultivated-shrimp R&D centre (site "not yet available") and feasibility of a Vietnamese plant; no timeline or budget	MOU dormant (wave 2)	^107,108,9
UMAMI Bioworks	Singapore	Holder of the Shiok relationship, if any survives	Partner list names Asahi Kasei, Maruha Nichiro, Steakholder Foods, Cell-Agritech and Triple Bar; no Vietnamese firm	¹⁰⁹

Vietnam has no cultivated meat or seafood company, facility or university group ^110,111 . The only cultivated project ever proposed for Vietnamese soil is the 2022 Minh Phu MOU, with no sign it proceeded ⁹ . Vinh Hoan is the most active Vietnamese corporate in alternative protein, as investor and as feed buyer ^99,8 .

E.11 Feed majors as buyers

Feed mills are the B2B buyers that decide whether a novel feed protein has a market. Six firms (Sheng Long/Haid, C.P., Uni-President, Tongwei, Grobest, Gromax) supplied about 640 kt of shrimp feed in 2025, about 70% of the total ¹¹² . Detail on volumes and prices is in Feed and aquafeed market.

Name	Location	Role for novel protein	Scale signal	Status, last verified	Sources
De Heus Vietnam (Royal De Heus; includes former CJ Feed & Care)	Ho Chi Minh City office; plants nationwide including Vinh Long, Hai Phong, Nghe An and Can Tho (former Hau Giang)	Largest single feed buyer; new high-protein marine feed mill; Vinh Long aquaculture R&D facility (opened 29 July 2024) as a possible trial site	21 plants (14 livestock, 6 aquafeed, 1 premix); Vinh Long marine and cold-water fish mill of 168,000 t a year design capacity, opened 22 July 2026 (company)	Active (wave 2); ASC Feed certification for pangasius and tilapia feeds (August 2026)	^{113,114,115,116,117}
Skretting Vietnam (Nutreco)	Ho Chi Minh City (Alpha Tower office); plants not stated	Commercialised the first insect-meal shrimp feed with Entobel (November 2025); launched Jade+ and LifeStart (April 2026)	About 100,000 t a year supplied (wave 1 trade press, unverified)	Active (wave 2)	^118,100
Uni-President Vietnam	Ho Chi Minh City (Song Than 2 Industrial Zone, former Binh Duong); Dong Thap (former Tien Giang); Khanh Hoa (former Ninh Thuan); Da Nang (former Quang Nam)	Aquafeed and livestock feed; also wheat flour	Founded 1999; top-six shrimp feed maker; capacities not published	Active (wave 2)	^119,112
Grobest Vietnam	Dong Nai (2 plants, wave 1 trade press)	Shrimp feed	Group about 3,000 staff in 8 countries	Operating (wave 2); no plant data	¹²⁰
C.P. Vietnam	Ca Mau and nationwide	Livestock and aquafeed	124,800 t a year shrimp feed plant in Ca Mau (August 2026); 21 plants (2026) or 9 (2023), bases differ	Not re-verified in wave 2 (site unavailable)	^121,122,123
Haid Group / Sheng Long	Vinh Long; Hai Phong (former Hai Duong)	Aquafeed; one of the six leading shrimp-feed makers	Vinh Long complex 650,000 t a year; Hai Phong 700,000 t (claimed)	Not reached in wave 2	^124,122

E.12 Ingredient suppliers and distributors

Name	Location	What they supply	Evidence	Sources
VAL (Vietnam Agribusiness Co., Ltd; Bunge-Wilmar joint venture)	Ho Chi Minh City (former Ba Ria-Vung Tau): Phu My 1 Industrial Park	Soybean meal (feed) and oil	2.6 Mt of soybeans a year and nearly 2 Mt of meal after a USD 100 million second line (December 2025); targets 30% of domestic soybean meal; no food-grade line on record	^125,126
VMC Group (Phu Gia Viet My)	Hanoi head office; claims 19 branches; Da Nang branch	China-origin SPI (20 kg bags); Xinrui (China) wheat gluten (25 kg bags, Da Nang)	Distributor pages	^127,128,129
Ingreda Vietnam; Luan Kha Co., Ltd	not stated	Soy protein	Named on a competitor's list page	¹²⁷
TDGIMEX	Hanoi (Phu Nghia commune)	China-origin vital wheat gluten for mì căn (25 kg bags)	Distributor page	¹³⁰
Tan Sao Bac A Machinery Co., Ltd	Ho Chi Minh City (Vinh Loc A, former Binh Chanh district)	Chinese soy extrusion lines, 100 to 2,000 kg/h, 22 to 120 kW	Vendor page; no named Vietnamese buyer	¹³¹
Dong Phuong Thuan	Ho Chi Minh City	Trader of mock-meat slices, fish balls, ribs	Directory listing only	⁴⁷
Xuan Hong Food Processing Import-Export Co., Ltd	Tay Ninh (Thanh Tan commune)	Cassava starch, not chay food	100 t a day (2020)	⁴⁸
Vedan Vietnam	Dong Nai	Glucose syrup and starch sold to third parties	Nameplates 1994 to 2004 (see E.8)	^84,132

The pattern is clear: concentrated plant proteins arrive from China in bags through chemical and food-additive distributors, and the only domestic soybean processor is a feed-grade crusher ^127,130,125 . See D. Retail formulation audit, section D.10, for trade volumes.

E.13 Support ecosystem

Name	Role found	Status, last verified	Sources
GFI APAC	Vietnam included in a 6-country Southeast Asia consumer survey (about 6,000 respondents); 2 Vietnamese companies in the GFI database; no Vietnam-specific programme; no Vietnamese researchers, centres, courses or student groups listed	Active (wave 2)	^{133,57,134,135,10}
ADB #SheExports (funded by We-Fi, run by WISE)	Export accelerator for women-led SMEs; Emmay took part in 2023	Active; generic SME support	⁶⁸
Cherie Blair Foundation for Women	HerVenture support to Emmay's founder	Active	⁶⁹
VinaCapital Ventures	Invested in INNOHAS (July 2024); VinaCapital is a founding investor in the Ho Chi Minh City venture fund (2026)	Active	^63,136
Mekong Capital	Mekong Enterprise Fund IV (USD 246 million) put USD 25 million into Entobel (2022)	Active	^101,92
Dragon Capital	USD 5 million into Entobel (2022)	Active	⁹²
IFC (World Bank Group)	USD 2.5 million Upstream Collaboration Agreement with Entobel (2023): the only DFI alternative-protein ticket in Vietnam found	Active	^102,137
ThinkZone	Hosted Emmay's investor pitch (May 2021); investment not confirmed	Active	⁴
Nong Lam University Ho Chi Minh City	Co-developed cricket feed with Cricket One	Active	⁹⁶
Institute of Biotechnology, VAST	Spirulina technology transfer	Active	⁷³
HSI, Animals Asia, Sinergia Animal, ProVeg, vegetarian associations, expos	Not verified	Search budget exhausted	none

State venture funds (national, Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi), NATIF and grant-makers are covered in M. Capital. Research institutions are in K. Research landscape, and labs and pilot plants in L. Labs and talent.

E.14 Timeline of key events, 2015 to September 2026

Events come from timeline.csv (48 rows) and wave 2 verification. Dates are as reported; "c." means approximate. Before 2015 the incumbents built the base: spirulina at Vinh Hao (site chosen 1976), CJ's entry into Vietnamese food (1999), Thoai An (2005), Vinasoy's Bac Ninh phase 1 (90 million L a year, May 2013) and An Nhien's brand (2014) ^{71,30,37,11,40} .

2015

August 2015: Vinasoy completes Bac Ninh phase 2, reaching 180 million L a year there after more than VND 1,280 bn of investment ¹¹ .

2016 to 2018

c. 2016: Cricket One founded in former Binh Phuoc (now Dong Nai) ⁹⁷ .
2016: Yukino Foods claims to be the first plant-based meat brand in Vietnam (single blog claim) ⁵³ .
2017: Emmay formalised as a company in Ho Chi Minh City; VAST transfers spirulina technology to VN Vastcom (Nghe An) ^68,73 .
2018: Cay De starts VMEAT plant-based meat R&D (VND 3 bn over two years) ⁵⁰ .
17 March 2018: TH launches TH true NUT (with fresh cow milk) ¹⁹ .

2019

2019: Entobel's first Vietnamese plant (Dong Nai, 1,000 t a year of insect meal) operating ^5,6 .
June 2019: OmniPork's Asian roadmap excludes Vietnam ¹³⁸ .
17 August 2019: BiaCraft introduces the Beyond Burger in three Ho Chi Minh City venues ⁵⁶ .
14 October 2019: Cricket One seed round led by 500 Startups and Masik Enterprises (amount undisclosed) ¹³⁹ .
2019: Dai Viet spirulina main facility completed (50,000 m2 claimed) ⁷² .

2020

2020: Kashew Cheese and Is It Meat? founded; Bien Phuong enters plant-based seafood (mid-2020) ^54,53,51 .
23 November 2020: Cricket One raises a "seven-figure" pre-Series A led by Corecam Capital ^93,140 .

2021

25 January 2021: Vinh Hoan acquires Vinh Technology, holder of a minority stake in Avant (cultivated fish) ^8,103 .
2021 (reported 18 August 2021): Vinh Hoan joins Shiok Meats' Series B (about USD 18 million round) with CJ CheilJedang and others ¹⁰⁴ .

2022

9 May 2022: Entobel Series B: Mekong Enterprise Fund IV USD 25 million, Dragon Capital USD 5 million ^101,92 .
June to July 2022: press estimates the Vietnamese plant-based meat market at about VND 1,000 bn (no traceable method) ^50,51 .
26 July 2022: Shiok Meats and Minh Phu sign an MOU for a joint cultivated-shrimp R&D centre ^9,107 .
November to December 2022: Oatside launches in Ho Chi Minh City ⁶¹ .

2023

23 February 2023: IFC board approves USD 2.5 million for Entobel's 10,000 t plant (project cost USD 32.5 million) ^6,102 .
Summer 2023: OmniFoods menu items at Starbucks Vietnam ⁵⁸ .
July 2023: VN Vastcom reports about 2 ha of spirulina and about 5 t dry a year ⁷³ .
Q3 2023: Emmay starts exports after the ADB #SheExports accelerator ⁶⁸ .
Late September to early October 2023: Cricket One closes a "seven-figure" Series A and opens a 1,000 t a year processing plant (announced 25 September, reported 2 October) ^141,95 .
October 2023: GFI APAC reports no plant-based meat launches logged in Vietnam from 2022 to Q2 2023 ⁵⁷ .
23 November 2023: Entobel opens its 10,000 t a year black soldier fly plant in former Ba Ria-Vung Tau (now Ho Chi Minh City), using HEINEKEN Vietnam by-products ⁸⁹ .
20 December 2023: Vietnamese aquaculture media report single-cell protein as an emerging aquafeed ingredient; no Vietnamese supplier named ⁸⁰ .

2024

23 February 2024: Vinh Hoan agrees to buy at least 15,000 t of Entobel insect protein over 2025 to 2027 ⁹⁹ .
4 March 2024: De Heus opens a shrimp feed mill in Vietnam ¹¹⁷ .
12 March 2024: UMAMI Bioworks absorbs Shiok Meats' assets ¹⁰⁶ .
2 July 2024: VinaCapital Ventures invests in INNOHAS (Korea) ⁶³ .
29 July 2024: De Heus opens a marine aquaculture R&D facility in Vinh Long ¹¹⁷ .
24 October 2024: Cricket One reports about 150 t of live crickets a month (last evidence of activity) ⁹⁷ .

2025

5 February 2025: Entobel certified as a B Corp ⁹⁰ .
27 February 2025: Vinasoy reports 2024 soy-milk revenue above VND 4,100 bn ¹ .
12 May 2025: Vietnamese aquaculture media feature Unibio's methane-fed protein; no Vietnamese supply or trial ⁸¹ .
1 July 2025: provincial merger from 63 to 34 units moves many actors' addresses (Ba Ria-Vung Tau and Binh Duong into Ho Chi Minh City; Binh Phuoc into Dong Nai; Long An into Tay Ninh; Binh Thuan into Lam Dong) ⁴¹ .
1 October 2025: Royal De Heus announces the purchase of CJ Feed & Care (17 mills in five countries) ¹¹³ .
14 October 2025: Decree 264/2025/ND-CP on national and local venture funds takes effect ¹⁴² .
26 November 2025: Skretting Vietnam and Entobel partnership; first commercial insect-meal shrimp feed in Vietnam (company claim) ¹⁰⁰ .
10 December 2025: VAL's second crushing line takes capacity to 2.6 Mt of soybeans a year ¹²⁵ .

2026

Q1 2026: Vinamilk reports double-digit growth in nut milk (no figure) ¹⁷ .
3 March 2026: De Heus completes the CJ Feed & Care purchase ¹¹⁴ .
5 March 2026: Ho Chi Minh City launches its VND 500 bn venture fund ¹³⁶ .
30 March to 4 April 2026: Oatside's Vietnam "Chief Milk Officer" campaign draws backlash ⁶² .
22 April 2026: Hanoi Venture Capital Fund established ¹⁴³ .
22 July 2026: De Heus opens a 168,000 t a year marine and cold-water fish feed mill in Vinh Long (company figure) ¹¹⁶ .
27 August 2026: VISSAN launches chay dumplings and wontons ²⁶ .
6, 16 and 20 September 2026: AltProtein Vietnam retail audit in Nha Trang and Ho Chi Minh City: large frozen chay sections, no modern branded meat analogues in mass retail, Chinese-labelled canned "Plant Based" soy luncheon meat on shelf ¹⁸ .

Gaps and how to close them

Gap	Cheapest way to close it
Chay tonnage and protein inputs by manufacturer	Call VISSAN, CJ Foods Vietnam, SG Food, Au Lac, Thoai An and GN Foods; check the NSO enterprise census for the relevant product codes.
CJ's Cau Tre acquisition year and CJ Foods Vietnam plant list	CJ CheilJedang disclosures on DART; Cau Tre shareholder filings; CJ Foods Vietnam annual or sustainability report.
The names of GFI's 2 Vietnamese companies	Email GFI APAC or download the database spreadsheet.
Cricket One status in 2025 and 2026	Dong Nai business registry, LinkedIn, or a phone call.
Chinese single-cell protein import volumes and makers	Customs data for HS 2309 and 2102; call CK Vietnam / V-Group.
Skretting's H-Meal inclusion rate and volumes	Ask Skretting Vietnam or Entobel.
Which Vietnamese mills came with CJ Feed & Care	Ask De Heus Vietnam communications.
Spirulina output and producers' status	Phone checks; MAE or provincial statistics.
NGO, association and event ecosystem (HSI, ProVeg, vegetarian associations, expos, university contests)	A new search round with web access.
Unverified leads (Song Huong Foods, Hue One Food, Tan Nhat Huong, Deep Blue Island, Hat Viet, Vinaorganic, Tan Huu Qui)	One call or registry look-up each.
Owner of the Xuan Hong dried-slice brand and the Ong Cha Va / NOSAFOOD origin	Read the manufacturer and origin lines on the packs.

Nguồn được trích dẫn trong trang

Toàn bộ nguồn (Phụ lục T)

ECO-41 Tuổi Trẻ. 'Vua' sữa đậu nành thu về 28 tỉ đồng bình quân mỗi ngày. 27 Feb 2025
ECO-40 AltProtein Vietnam project file. Nha Trang field data: Lotte Mart + Co.opmart. 6 Sep 2026
ECO-12 Asian Agribiz. Viet startup pioneers plant-based products with fewer additives. 16 Feb 2024
CAP-15 Vietnambiz. Startup 'Ruoc Nam' keu goi von 1,5 trieu USD, ky vong mo rong 1.000 diem ban. 30 May 2021
ECO-02 Mekong Capital investment page. Entobel. undated
ECO-03 Early Warning System database. CnC-Entobel (IFC-46903). 23 Feb 2023
ECO-69 CK Vietnam Group. Mycoprotein
ECO-58 AgFunderNews. Vietnam's biggest fish exporter launches venture unit, invests in cultured seafood startup Avant. 26 Jan 2021
VCO-22 The Investor. 'Shrimp king' Minh Phu, Shiok Meats to develop R&D facility in Vietnam. 28 Jul 2022
VCO-21 GFI. Country: Vietnam - The alternative protein ecosystem
ECO-42 VnExpress. Vinasoy đầu tư 1.300 tỷ đồng nâng công suất nhà máy sữa đậu nành. 26 Aug 2015
IND-48 Tuoi Tre. 'Vua' sua dau nanh thu ve 28 ti dong binh quan moi ngay. 27 February 2025
IND-49 VnBusiness. Vinasoy khanh thanh nha may sua dau nanh thu 3 tai Binh Duong. December 2017
IND-50 Thanh Nien. Vinasoy vao Top 5 cong ty sua dau nanh lon nhat the gioi. 18 December 2022
VCO-17 Vietstock Finance. QNS: Ho so doanh nghiep
ECO-43 Vinamilk. Sữa thực vật
ECO-44 Tuổi Trẻ / Phụ Nữ Online. Tiên phong xu hướng dinh dưỡng mới, Vinamilk gặt kết quả tăng trưởng hai chữ số trong quý I năm 2026. 2026
FORM-01 AltProtein Vietnam. AltProtein Vietnam retail field audit, Nha Trang 6 Sep 2026 and Ho Chi Minh City 16 and 20 Sep 2026, 186 SKUs, 11 stores. 6 to 20 Sep 2026
ECO-45 Báo Đầu Tư. Bộ sữa hạt TH true NUT chính thức được bán tại Việt Nam. Mar 2018
FORM-36 Vietnam News Agency (VNA, vnanet). ToFu House - Nuôi dưỡng và phát triển hạt đậu Việt. 27 Feb 2023
IND-51 Vietnam News Agency. ToFu House - Nuoi duong va phat trien hat dau Viet
FORM-14 Nhân Dân. Trăm năm làng nghề tàu hũ ky Mỹ Hòa. 20 Sep 2022
ECO-33 Kingfoodmart. Há cảo chay CJ Cầu Tre gói 500g
ECO-25 Toplist. Top 5 Công ty sản xuất thực phẩm chay hàng đầu Việt Nam. undated
IND-53 AltProtein Vietnam. AltProtein Vietnam field product log and notes (186 SKUs; Nha Trang 6 September 2026 and HCMC 16 to 20 September 2026)
ECO-30 Sài Gòn Giải Phóng. VISSAN ra mắt bộ đôi sản phẩm chay tiện lợi. 27 Aug 2026
ECO-31 Vissanmart. Thực phẩm chay
VCO-13 Vietstock Finance. VSN: Ho so doanh nghiep
VCO-15 CafeF. VSN
ECO-34 Kết nối cung cầu. Công ty TNHH CJ Foods Việt Nam - Chi nhánh Hiệp Phước. undated
FORM-24 CJ Foods Vietnam homepage. CJ Foods Việt Nam
VCO-12 CJ Foods Vietnam. CJ Foods Vietnam, home page
ECO-29 Sai Gon Food JSC homepage, undated. undated
FORM-31 Sài Gòn Food JSC website
ECO-26 Au Lac Vegan Food. Giới thiệu (About us). undated
FORM-20 Thực phẩm chay Âu Lạc. Giới thiệu
ECO-27 Thoai An Trading Co., Ltd homepage, undated. undated
FORM-26 Thoại An. Chả lụa ớt xiêm chay Thoại An 500g (đông lạnh)
VCO-26 An Nhien Foods (Pham Gia Phat). An Nhien Foods
ECO-28 Pham Gia Phat Trading Import-Export Co. An Nhien Foods. undated
ECO-35 GN Foods JSC homepage
ECO-37 Cholimex Food JSC homepage
FORM-27 Cholimex Food. Bánh bao chay 300g
FORM-28 LC Foods. Chả giò chay rau nấm
ECO-36 Agrex Saigon Foodstuffs JSC. Sản phẩm
FORM-35 Thực phẩm chay Thanh Dũng website
ECO-38 Trang Vàng Việt Nam directory. Thực phẩm ăn chay
ECO-39 Thanh Niên. Công ty chế biến bột mì xả thải ra môi trường. 25 Dec 2020
FORM-37 Le Thi Hong Hao, Nguyen Hoang Anh, Nguyen Thi Giang et al. Food safety knowledge and practices of vegetarian food processors in Hanoi in 2022-2023. 2024
ECO-17 Nhịp Cầu Đầu Tư. Thịt thực vật thị trường tỉ USD. 15 Jul 2022
ECO-19 Doanh Nhân Trẻ Việt Nam. Thịt thực vật - xu hướng tiêu dùng của tương lai. 7 Jun 2022
ECO-18 Nhịp Cầu Đầu Tư. Thị trường thịt thực vật: Tiềm năng ra sao?. 1 Mar 2024
ECO-15 Jovel Chan. 12 Plant-based alternatives redefining what it means to be meat/dairy-free in Vietnam. 2022
ECO-49 Kashew Cheese. The Kashew Story
ECO-50 Green Queen. Meet The Vegan Entrepreneur Who Created Vietnam's Dairy-Free Cheese Market
ECO-16 Vietcetera. BiaCraft Introduces The Beyond Burger To Vietnam. 17 Aug 2019
ECO-23 GFI APAC. Alternative proteins in APAC: 2023 State of the Industry Report. Oct 2023
ECO-20 vegconomist. What's Been Happening at OmniFoods?. Aug 2023
ECO-46 Bangkok Post. Simple Foods banking on new factory
FORM-38 Simple Foods. 137 Degrees Almond Milk Original
ECO-47 Vietnam. Oatside oat milk enters the Vietnamese market. 2022
ECO-48 Marketing-Interactive. Oatside draws flak as Vietnam 'CMO' job posting is revealed to be campaign trick. Apr 2026
ECO-65 Asia Food Beverages. Vietnamese VC fund invests in Korea's promising plant-based meat alternative startup. 2 Jul 2024
VCO-31 INNOHAS Co. Ltd. INNOHAS home page
VCO-25 harvestgourmet.com. Redirect to a GoDaddy domain-for-sale page, observed 23 Sep 2026. 23 Sep 2026
FORM-29 Co.op Online. Bánh cuốn chay Co.op Select 290g
FORM-30 Co.op Online. Chả giò khoai mỡ Co.op Select 450g
ECO-13 Women Entrepreneurs Finance Initiative. Pioneering Sustainable Agri-Tech and Plant-Based Proteins from Vietnam
ECO-14 Cherie Blair Foundation for Women. Van Pham's story: pioneering with plant protein. 2022
ECO-51 Ong Tempeh homepage
ECO-52 Spirulina Vinh Hao JSC. Giới thiệu tảo xoắn Spirulina Vĩnh Hảo. undated
ECO-54 Sức khỏe và Đời sống. Mô hình nuôi tảo Spirulina tiên phong tại Việt Nam đạt tiêu chuẩn quốc tế. Sep 2022
ECO-53 Dân Việt / Trang Trại Việt. Sản xuất thành công tảo xoắn Spirulina trên quy mô lớn ở miền Trung. 22 Jul 2023
ECO-55 Liên minh HTX Khánh Hòa. Thu hàng trăm triệu nhờ trồng tảo xoắn Spirulina. 24 Apr 2023
ECO-56 MTE Spirulina homepage
ECO-57 VietnamPlus. Bèo tấm - 'Siêu thực phẩm' tiềm năng của tương lai. 2025
HSC-06 US patent application US 2020/0109428 A1. Process for producing high protein biomass from starch-containing cereal materials by yeast strains. 9 April 2020
HSC-07 VISTA portal, National Agency for Science and Technology Information (NASATI). Nghiên cứu sản xuất sinh khối nấm men giàu protein bằng công nghệ lên men các nguyên liệu giàu bột đường. 7 October 2021
ECO-70 Vietnam Fisheries Magazine. Enhance shrimp immunity with yeast additive from Enzym Feed Solutions. undated
ECO-66 Tạp chí Thủy sản Việt Nam. Đạm đơn bào 'gia nhập' ngành sản xuất thức ăn thủy sản. 20 Dec 2023
ECO-67 Tạp chí Thủy sản Việt Nam. Protein đơn bào từ khí lên men: Giải pháp dinh dưỡng thủy sản bền vững. 12 May 2025
VCO-01 Vedan International (Holdings) Ltd. Annual Report 2025. 22 Apr 2026
VCO-02 Vedan International (Holdings) Ltd. Interim Results Announcement for the six months ended 30 June 2026. 25 Aug 2026
VCO-03 Vedan International. Milestones. undated
VCO-04 Vedan Vietnam. Company information. undated
IND-01 Vedan Vietnam Enterprise Corp. Vedan Vietnam, home page (plants, products, 700 m3 tanks). undated
IND-08 CafeBiz. Ajinomoto muon tang manh cong suat mang thuc an chan nuoi, phan bon va gia vi long tai Viet Nam. 4 December 2023
IND-11 Daesang Vietnam. About Daesang Vietnam (history, plants)
ECO-01 Entobel. Entobel Sets Industry Record with the Opening of the Largest Insect Protein Production Plant in Asia. 23 Nov 2023
VCO-18 Entobel. Entobel is now a certified B Corp. 5 Feb 2025
VCO-19 Mekong Capital. Entobel
CAP-02 The Investor. Mekong Capital, Dragon Capital invest $30 mln in biotech firm Entobel. 10 May 2022
ECO-07 AgFunderNews. Vietnam's Cricket One gets pre-Series A funding to make the case for its insect protein patties. 23 Nov 2020
ECO-08 Nông nghiệp và Môi trường. [Bài 5] Cricket One liên kết sản xuất, đưa côn trùng ra… thế giới. 18 Mar 2023
ECO-09 Foodmap Asia. Startup về dế Cricket One đã khép lại vòng gọi vốn Series A và mở cơ sở chế biến dế lớn nhất châu Á. 2 Oct 2023
ECO-10 CafeF. Tham quan nông trại và nhà máy sản xuất dế lớn nhất Việt Nam của Cricket One. Feb 2023
ECO-11 VTV9. Doanh nghiệp đầu tiên xuất khẩu Protein từ dế mèn. 24 Oct 2024
ECO-04 PetfoodIndustry. Insect protein company Entobel secures funding in Vietnam. 18 Apr 2023
ECO-05 The Asset. Vinh Hoan strikes insect protein deal with Entobel. 23 Feb 2024
VCO-28 Skretting Vietnam. Skretting Viet Nam va Entobel hop tac chien luoc nham thuc day san xuat thuc an tom ben vung. 26 Nov 2025
CAP-01 Mekong Capital. Mekong Enterprise Fund IV invested US$25 million in Entobel. 9 May 2022
VCO-20 Early Warning System (Rights in Development). CnC-Entobel (IFC-46903)
ECO-59 Vinh Hoan Corp. Press release: Cultivated fish biotechnology company announces strategic investment. 25 Jan 2021
ECO-60 Nhịp Cầu Đầu Tư. Việt Nam tham gia chuỗi cung ứng thực phẩm nhân tạo. 18 Aug 2021
VCO-24 Vinh Hoan Corp. Investor updates page
ECO-63 AgFunderNews. Cultivated meat consolidation begins as UMAMI Bioworks to merge with Shiok Meats. 12 Mar 2024
ECO-61 The Investor. 'Shrimp king' Minh Phu, Shiok Meats to develop R&D facility in Vietnam. 28 Jul 2022
ECO-62 SeafoodSource. Shiok Meats and Minh Phu to build cell-based seafood facility in Vietnam. 27 Jul 2022
VCO-23 UMAMI Bioworks. UMAMI Bioworks, home page
ECO-64 Nhân Dân. Kỳ vọng từ công nghệ thịt nuôi cấy. 15 Mar 2023
ECO-72 Forbes Việt Nam. Xu hướng: Thịt nhân tạo phát triển trong năm 2022. 31 Dec 2021
IND-41 Aqua Culture Asia Pacific. Aquafeeds in 2025: Disrupted by tariffs. 30 June 2026
VCO-07 Royal De Heus. Royal De Heus expands its Asian footprint with the acquisition of CJ Feed & Care. 1 Oct 2025
VCO-08 Royal De Heus. De Heus successfully completes acquisition of CJ Feed & Care, marking a significant expansion in Asia. 3 Mar 2026
VCO-09 De Heus Vietnam. De Heus Vietnam, home page
VCO-10 Royal De Heus. De Heus expands aquaculture capabilities with new marine and cold-water fish feed mill. 22 Jul 2026
VCO-11 Royal De Heus. News listing
VCO-27 Skretting Vietnam. Home page and news listing
VCO-29 Uni-President Vietnam. Uni-President Vietnam, home page
VCO-30 Grobest. Grobest, home page
IND-42 VnExpress. C.P. Viet Nam mo rong nang luc san xuat thuc an thuy san. August 2026
IND-43 Tepbac. Ban do FDI nganh thuy san Viet Nam: Ap dao tu cong nghe va von ngoai. 13 May 2026
IND-47 VCCI WTO Center. Viet Nam ngay cang thu hut cac nha san xuat thuc an chan nuoi. 23 October 2023
IND-46 Dan Viet. Diem mat cac tap doan lon rot trieu do vao thi truong thuc an thuy san. 1 May 2023
VCO-16 Dan Tri. TPHCM co to hop ep dau dau nanh quy mo hang dau Dong Nam A. 10 Dec 2025
FORM-10 Dân Trí. TPHCM có tổ hợp ép dầu đậu nành quy mô hàng đầu Đông Nam Á. 10 Dec 2025
FORM-11 Phụ Gia Việt Mỹ (VMC Group). Top 3 địa chỉ phân phối đạm đậu nành uy tín chính hãng
FORM-13 VMC Group Đà Nẵng (hoachatdanang.vn). Gluten lúa mì Xinrui (Trung Quốc) bao 25kg
FORM-39 Phụ Gia Việt Mỹ. Ứng dụng đạm đậu nành trong sản xuất thực phẩm
FORM-12 TDGIMEX. Vital wheat gluten - gluten lúa mì - bột mì căn
FORM-34 Tân Sao Bắc Á Machinery Co., Ltd. Dây chuyền sản xuất thực phẩm chay từ đậu nành
IND-04 Vedan International (Holdings). Vedan International (Holdings), Milestones (Vietnam plant nameplates 1994-2005)
ECO-22 GFI. Country: Vietnam - The alternative protein ecosystem
ECO-24 GFI APAC. The State of APAC's Alt Protein Industry in 10 Charts. 2023
ECO-73 GFI APAC. Entrepreneurship and alternative proteins
CAP-32 VnExpress International. Ho Chi Minh City launches $19.7M venture fund to back startups. 5 Mar 2026
CAP-04 CnC-Entobel. 23 Feb 2023
ECO-21 vegconomist. Omnipork Expands to Disrupt Pork Industry Across Asia. 27 Jun 2019
CAP-11 AgFunderNews. EXCLUSIVE: 500 Startups leads seed round for Vietnam's Cricket One. 14 Oct 2019
CAP-12 AgFunderNews. Vietnam's Cricket One gets pre-Series A funding to make the case for its insect protein patties. 23 Nov 2020
CAP-13 Vietcetera. Edible Insect Pioneer Cricket One Launches Asia's Largest Cricket Processing Facility, Secures Series A Funding. 25 Sep 2023
CAP-29 Decree 264/2025/ND-CP on the National Venture Capital Fund and local venture capital funds. 14 Oct 2025
CAP-35 Ha Noi Moi. Ba quyet dinh 'kich hoat' Quy dau tu mao hiem Ha Noi 230 ty dong lam von moi cho doi moi sang tao. Apr 2026

#E.1 Overview

#E.2 Incumbent soy and dairy

#E.3 Industrial chay makers

#E.4 Modern plant-based brands made in Vietnam

#E.5 Imported brands and their channels

#E.6 Mushroom, mycelium and tempeh

#E.7 Microalgae and duckweed

#E.8 Fermentation and feed single-cell protein

#E.9 Insect protein (benchmark)

#E.10 Cultivated meat and seafood links

#E.11 Feed majors as buyers

#E.12 Ingredient suppliers and distributors

#E.13 Support ecosystem

#E.14 Timeline of key events, 2015 to September 2026

#Gaps and how to close them

#Related data files